Roofing surveys are used to discover information about the roof that is being surveyed, and they are usually done, specifically, to find water and heat leaks. These are actually pretty big issues for a building, with water leaks potentially causing unknown damage for years before it becomes apparent (unless you pay for a roof survey), and heat loss can also cost a lot of money if it persists for a while.
There are a variety of methods and tools which are used in a roofing survey to detect if there are any problems, and depending upon which of these methods you choose / need, you’re going to pay for a different amount of money for the service. A few types of roof surveys are electronic leak detection, infra-red thermal imaging, and an air quality test (to determine moisture content).